Indonesia

In the context of cultural migration and traditional cross-border movement, Indonesia has not ensured effective protection for the children of stateless migrant groups. Traditional fishermen on the Sulawesi-Philippines border often move without formal immigration documents due to historical, kinship, and cultural economic relations that have spanned generations. Children of undocumented parents are usually born without birth certificates, becoming a new generation at risk of statelessness and cut off from essential human rights and social services. A joint civil society submission to the CMW in 2025 expressed concern that the state has not yet recognized this pattern of transnational migration based on culture in its regulations, reinforcing the risk of structural statelessness.