Brazil

In Brazil, Indigenous people face obstacles to registering their children. These obstacles include geographical isolation of certain communities, linguistic barriers and the lack of cultural understanding within registration institutions. As of the 2022 census, 5.42% of Indigenous children ages 5 or younger did not have a birth certificate. This is over 10 times higher than that of the Brazilian general population. In 2025 the CRC recommended that Brazil strengthen culturally sensitive measures to ensure birth registration and the issuance of birth certificates for Indigenous children in every state.